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12x 14TB RAID-Z1 NAS Calculator | Usable TB

Estimate usable TB, parity overhead, and fault tolerance for 12x 14TB in RAID-Z1. Includes reserve planning for NAS and homelab arrays.

Capacity Snapshot

Raw Capacity

168.00 TB

Usable Capacity

138.60 TB

Fault Tolerance

1 drive

Efficiency

91.7%

ZFS single-parity equivalent of RAID 5; common for smaller homelab pools. This scenario applies a 10% filesystem reserve.

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Alternative Mode Comparison

Mode	Usable	Tolerance	Efficiency
RAID 5	138.60 TB	1 drive	91.7%
RAID 6	126.00 TB	2 drives	83.3%
RAID 10	75.60 TB	1 drive per mirror pair*	50.0%
RAID-Z1	138.60 TB	1 drive	91.7%
RAID-Z2	126.00 TB	2 drives	83.3%

NAS Cluster Guides

NAS Hub RAID Level Compare RAID Capacity Matrix Planning Quick Sheet RAID Selector NAS FAQ

Related Long-Tail Calculators

2x 4TB RAID 1 2x 6TB RAID 1 2x 8TB RAID 1 2x 10TB RAID 1 2x 12TB RAID 1 2x 14TB RAID 1 2x 16TB RAID 1 2x 18TB RAID 1 2x 20TB RAID 1 3x 4TB RAID 1 3x 4TB RAID 5 3x 4TB RAID-Z1 3x 6TB RAID 1 3x 6TB RAID 5 3x 6TB RAID-Z1 3x 8TB RAID 1

Sequential Long-Tail Navigation

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FAQ

Why include a 10% reserve when planning NAS storage headroom?

Keeping free space improves filesystem behavior for snapshots, metadata, and write performance. Full arrays often perform worse and rebuild more slowly.

Is RAID-Z1 still practical with 14TB drives?

It can be practical, but larger drives increase rebuild windows. Validate parity choice and backup policy before committing to the final layout.

How many disk failures can RAID-Z1 tolerate in this setup?

This setup can tolerate 1 drive. Real-world survivability depends on mirror placement, rebuild stress, and drive health.

How much usable storage does 12x 14TB RAID-Z1 provide?

This NAS planning scenario estimates 138.60 TB usable after a 10% reserve from 168.00 TB raw.